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GA-7 COUGAR
← Risk Management, Human Factors & Personal Minimums

Commercial/MEI Study Planning · Source-checked

Identifying and managing risk

Learning goals

  • Use a structured risk checklist
  • Recognize hazardous attitudes

FAA risk material encourages pilots to look systematically at the pilot, the aircraft, the environment and external pressures. Tools such as PAVE and the IMSAFE self-check give the review a structure.

Hazardous attitudes — anti-authority, impulsivity, invulnerability, macho and resignation — each have antidotes you can practice saying to yourself. Risk is never zero; the goal is to see it clearly, reduce what you can and decide honestly.

Assigned reading

Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge (FAA-H-8083-25C (2023) with MOSAIC addendum (Oct 2025))

Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making (PAVE, IMSAFE, hazardous attitudes); Risk Management Handbook · Federal Aviation Administration · reviewed 2026-10-21

Open sourcePDF

Self-check

Original practice questions for self-assessment only — not FAA test questions and not a certification.

  1. 1. PAVE stands for…
  2. 2. The antidote to 'invulnerability' is…

Study preparation only. Not FAA-approved ground training, no endorsement, logbook or flight-time credit, and no guaranteed test result. Always follow your instructor and the approved AFM/POH for your aircraft.